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延性鐵五個要素對鑄造的影響

Nov 24, 2023

延性鐵的化學組成主要包括碳,矽,錳,硫,磷,磷的五個常見元素.對於某些對組織和性能的特殊要求的鑄件,包括少量合金元素.與普通的灰色鑄鐵不同,以確保含量量,以確保ductial sphetial of Praghite tagrite量,也必須是塗線的量。元素.
1. Selection principle of carbon and carbon equivalent: carbon is the basic element of ductile iron, and high carbon is conducive to graphitization. Because the influence of graphite on mechanical properties has been reduced to the lowest degree, the carbon content of ductile iron is generally high, between 3.5 and 3.9%, and 4 . 4 {. 7%和4 . 7%之間的1%。取上薄壁的上限,巨大的球形元素的殘留物或妊娠不足;採取下限。在共晶點附近選擇碳等效物不僅可以提高鐵的流動性,而且還可以提高延性鐵的增加,而且還可以提高由於改善固化過程中鑄鐵石墨化擴展而提高鐵的自組合和收縮能力。但是,高碳含量會導致石墨漂浮。因此,延性鐵中碳當量的上限是基於無石墨浮動的原理。
2, the selection principle of silicon: silicon is a strong graphitized element. In ductile iron, silicon can not only effectively reduce the white tendency and increase the amount of ferrite, but also have the effect of refining the cocrystal group and improving the℃of graphite sphere. However, silicon improves the brittleness transition temperature of cast iron (Figure 1) to reduce the impact toughness, so the silicon content should not be too high, especially when the content of manganese and phosphorus in cast iron is high, it is more necessary to strictly control the content of silicon. The amount of final silicon in ductile iron is generally 1.4- -3.0%. After selecting carbon equivalent, the principle of high carbon and low silicon enhancement is generally採用.矽的下限是基於無自由化碳化物體的原理.
3.錳的選擇原理:由於延性鐵中硫的含量非常低,因此不需要過多的錳來中和硫的含量,因此錳在延性鐵中的作用主要反映在體內的穩定性方面,並促進了(Mn)3C的範圍和範圍3C {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2} {2)對延性鐵{.錳的韌性的影響也會提高鐵氧體義大利鐵的脆溫溫度,增加0 . 1%乘10至12度. .,因此,乳推鐵中的錳的含量通常是較低的,即使是較低的降低的,也不應超過降低的pengan sangan decngan rangan,hangan rangan rangan rangan rangan rangan rangan, 0 . 4〜0.6%。僅用於提高耐磨性的目的,僅是鐵中錳和鐵氧體。
4.磷的選擇原理:磷是一個有害元素{.它在鑄鐵中的溶解度非常低,當它的含量小於0 . 05%,在矩陣中固體可溶性,對機械性{6}}的效果幾乎沒有影響{6} {6} {6} {6} {{6磷在公共晶體的邊界上很容易區分,形成二進制,三元或複合磷共結晶,並降低鑄鐵.磷的韌性增加了鑄鐵的脆性過渡溫度,從而使磷含量增加了4至4至4至4 . 5度。因此,延性鐵中磷的含量越低,通常應小於0.08%。對於更重要的鑄件,磷含量應小於0.05%。
5,硫的選擇原理:硫是一種抗球形元件,它與鎂,稀土等球形元素具有很強的親和力

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